Rothenburg ob der Tauber is one of the best-preserved medieval cities in Germany and is located in the state of Bavaria, in the region of Middle Franconia. The city is famous for its well-preserved old town, which seems to have stopped in time.Rothenburg's history dates back to the 10th century when it is first mentioned in historical documents. In 1274, the city became an Imperial Free City, granting it a lot of autonomy and privileges. During the Middle Ages, Rothenburg was a thriving center of trade and one of the most important in the region.One of the most prominent chapters in Rothenburg's history took place in 1631 during the Thirty Years' War. The imperial general Johann Tserclaes von Tilly intended to destroy the city, but a local legend tells that, after accepting the challenge to drink in one gulp a large jug of wine, the general allowed the city to be saved. This event is celebrated annually in the "Meistertrunk" (the Great Master Draught).Rothenburg ob der Tauber also experienced periods of economic and demographic decline, especially after the Thirty Years' War and the War of the Spanish Succession. However, its isolation contributed to the preservation of its medieval architecture. In the 19th century, the city was "discovered" by romantic artists and writers, helping to revive its fame and attract tourists.During World War II in 1945, Rothenburg was partially destroyed by an Allied bombing raid. However, thanks to international efforts, much of the city was reconstructed following the original plans, allowing Rothenburg to maintain its historical charm.Today, Rothenburg ob der Tauber is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Germany, known for its cobblestone streets, half-timbered houses, and the famous Christmas Market. The city remains a living testimony to European medieval history and culture.
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